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jmc

algebra senior

Problem

What is the largest three-digit integer whose digits are distinct and form a geometric sequence?
Solution
If we can find such a number whose hundreds digit is 9, then this number will be greater than any with a hundreds digit lower than 9. We want the common ratio to be as small as possible, so that the other digits are as large as possible. If is the common ratio, then the ones digit is . One might therefore expect that has a in its numerator. We could set for . But also works and is actually smaller, giving .

(Note that would not give distinct digits, and would make the ones digit too large.)
Final answer
964