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jmc

number theory intermediate

Problem

There are two integers between 1 and 100 such that for each:

if you divide by 4, the remainder is 3;

if you divide by 3, the remainder is 1;

if you divide by 5, the remainder is 1.

What is the sum of those two integers?
Solution
Let a common solution be . Then we know Since , and together yield which is the same as . Then there exists an integer such that . Substituting this into gives So has a lower bound of . Then . satisfies the original congruences so subtracting it from both sides of each gives Since , we have , that is, .

Note that any solution of the above congruence also satisfies the original ones. Then the two solutions are and . Thus, .
Final answer
122