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jmc

number theory senior

Problem

A standard six-sided die is rolled, and is the product of the five numbers that are visible. What is the largest number that is certain to divide ?
Solution
Since , the prime factors of can consist of at most 2's, 3's, and 5's. The least possible number of 2's is two, which occurs when 4 is not visible. The least possible number of 3's is one, which occurs when either 3 or 6 is not visible, and the least number of 5's is zero, when 5 is not visible. Thus must be divisible by , but not necessarily by any larger number.
Final answer
12