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counting and probability intermediate
Problem
Four fair six-sided dice are rolled. What is the probability that at least three of the four dice show the same value?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Solution
We split this problem into cases. First, we calculate the probability that all four are the same. After the first dice, all the numbers must be equal to that roll, giving a probability of . Second, we calculate the probability that three are the same and one is different. After the first dice, the next two must be equal and the third different. There are orders to roll the different dice, giving . Adding these up, we get , or .
Final answer
B