Browse · harp
Printsmc
geometry senior
Problem
In the unit circle shown in the figure, chords and are parallel to the unit radius of the circle with center at . Chords , , and are each units long and chord is units long.
Of the three equations those which are necessarily true are
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Solution
First, let be on circle so is a diameter. In order to prove that the three statements are true (or false), we first show that and then we examine each statement one by one. Lemma 1: Since by the Base Angle Theorem, By the Alternate Interior Angles Theorem, making by SAS Congruency. That means by CPCTC. Because is a cyclic quadrilateral, , but we are given that is parallel to , so . Therefore, That makes an isosceles trapezoid, so Lemma 2: Showing Statement I is (or isn't) true Let be the intersection of and By SSS Congruency, so We know that is a cyclic quadrilateral, so so That makes a parallelogram, so Thus, In addition, and by the Base Anlge Theorem and Vertical Angle Theorem, That means by AAS Congruency, so . By the Base Angle Theorem and the Alternating Interior Angle Theorem, so by ASA Congruency, Thus, Statement I is true. Lemma 3: Showing Statement II is (or isn't) true From Lemma 2, we have . Draw point on such that making Since we have Additionally, and so by SAS Congruency, That means Since is an inscribed angle, Additionally, , so bisects Thus, making by SAS Similarity. By using the similarity, we find that Thus, Statement II is true. Lemma 4: Showing Statement III is (or isn't) true From Lemmas 2 and 3, we have and . Squaring the first equation results in Adding to both sides results in Since is positive, we find that which confirms that Statement III is true. In summary, all three statements are true, so the answer is
Final answer
E