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Print66th Belarusian Mathematical Olympiad
Belarus counting and probability
Problem
Let be a nonempty set of positive integers. We say that a positive integer is special if there exists a unique subset of the set such that (i) the number of the elements in is odd; (ii) the sum of all elements of is equal to .
Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers that are not special.
(IMO-2015 Shortlist, Problem C6)
Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers that are not special.
(IMO-2015 Shortlist, Problem C6)
Solution
3. See IMO-2015 Shortlist, Problem C6.
Techniques
Generating functions