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geometry senior
Problem
The coordinates of the vertices of isosceles trapezoid are all integers, with and . The trapezoid has no horizontal or vertical sides, and and are the only parallel sides. The sum of the absolute values of all possible slopes for is , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find .
Solution
For simplicity, we translate the points so that is on the origin and . Suppose has integer coordinates; then is a vector with integer parameters (vector knowledge is not necessary for this solution). We construct the perpendicular from to , and let be the reflection of across that perpendicular. Then is a parallelogram, and . Thus, for to have integer coordinates, it suffices to let have integer coordinates.[1] Let the slope of the perpendicular be . Then the midpoint of lies on the line , so . Also, implies that . Combining these two equations yields Since is an integer, then must be an integer. There are pairs of integers whose squares sum up to namely . We exclude the cases because they lead to degenerate trapezoids (rectangle, line segment, vertical and horizontal sides). Thus we have These yield , and the sum of their absolute values is . The answer is .
Final answer
131