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Ukrainian Mathematical Olympiad

Ukraine algebra

Problem

Three boys picked nuts. After discovering that nuts are picked in total, the boys decided to share them evenly. First, one of the boys gave each of two others one fourth of the nuts he picked and a nut. Then another boy gave each of two others one fourth of the nuts he collected (those he picked and those he obtained from the first boy) and a nut. After the last boy had made this operation, it turned out that, indeed, the nuts were distributed evenly. Determine, how many nuts each boy picked.
Solution
З рівностей знайдемо кількість горіхів у кожного з хлопчиків на передостанньому етапі. Аналогічно відновлюємо весь «ланцюжок»: Відповідь: Перший хлопчик зібрав горіхів, другий хлопчик — горіхи, третій хлопчик — горіхів.
Final answer
first boy: 68, second boy: 122, third boy: 230

Techniques

Simple Equations