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Baltic Way 2023 Shortlist

Baltic Way 2023 geometry

Problem

Let be an isosceles triangle with . Let be an arbitrary point on segment . Let and be points on and , respectively, such that and passes through the midpoint of . Prove that if the circumcenter of lies on then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
Solution
Note that , hence the triangle is isosceles. Let be the midpoints of respectively. Note that are collinear because they lie on the midline of parallel to . Moreover, lies on by assumption. Since , the lines and do not coincide. This means that the lines and intersect at .

Note that are the projections of onto and , respectively. Therefore lie on the Simson line of .

This means that , i.e. the segments and share a common midpoint. Therefore is a parallelogram.

Techniques

Simson lineTriangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleHomothetyAngle chasing