jmc

Modulo 2009, $S\equiv 1+2+\cdots +2008+0$. Now, the right-hand side is simply the sum of the integers from 1 to 2008, which is $\frac{2008\cdot 2009}{2}=1004\cdot 2009$, so $S\equiv 1004\cdot 2009\equiv 1004\cdot 0\equiv \boxed{0}$ modulo 2009.