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jmc

number theory intermediate

Problem

What is the arithmetic mean of all of the positive two-digit integers with the property that the integer is equal to the sum of its first digit plus its second digit plus the product of its two digits?
Solution
Let be a two-digit integer with the property that is equal to the sum of its first digit plus its second digit plus the product of its two digits. Thus we have . Now since is a two-digit integer, , so we can divide both sides by to get . Therefore, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89, and 99 all have the property. Their arithmetic mean is .
Final answer
59