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jmc

number theory intermediate

Problem

When the expression is evaluated, what are the final two digits?
Solution
First, , so the last two digits of are 25.

We need to look at , but since we only need the final two digits, we don't actually have to calculate this number entirely.

Consider . When we carry out this multiplication, the last two digits of the product will only depend on the last two digits of the each of the two numbers being multiplied (try this by hand!), so the last two digits of are the same as the last two digits of , ie. are 25.

Similarly, to calculate , we multiply (which ends in 25) by , so by the same reasoning ends in 25. Similarly, ends in 25.

Therefore, and both end in 25.

Also, , so the expression overall is equal to Therefore, the final two digits are .
Final answer
52