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shortlistBMO 2011

2011 algebra

Problem

Let , and be positive real numbers such that . Show that and determine the cases of equality.
Solution
The AM-GM inequality and the condition in the statement yield , so Finally, apply the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and take into account the condition in statement to get The conclusion follows. Clearly, equality holds if and only if .
Final answer
Equality holds if and only if x = y = z = 3.

Techniques

Cauchy-SchwarzQM-AM-GM-HM / Power Mean