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NMO Selection Tests for the Junior Balkan Mathematical Olympiad

Romania algebra

Problem

On a circle are written several real numbers, of positive sum. Let be the largest and the least of the sums of consecutive numbers on the circle. Prove that .
Solution
Denote by the total sum of the numbers around the circle. Clearly . If , we are done. If , the sum of the numbers which are not terms of is equal to . Since , then , as needed.

Techniques

Sums and productsColoring schemes, extremal argumentsLinear and quadratic inequalities