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Ireland geometry
Problem
Let be a planar triangle. Let . Define the point on the side so that divides in the ratio . Prove that

Solution
Let for a fixed and denote . The Cosine Rule for the triangles and gives Eliminating gives from which we obtain From and we deduce Substitution into the previous formula establishes that Hence so that where . Hence iff equivalently iff which holds for iff .
Techniques
Triangle trigonometryTrigonometry