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62nd Ukrainian National Mathematical Olympiad

Ukraine algebra

Problem

The positive integers , satisfy the conditions: Prove that . Here, denotes the fractional part of the number , that is, there exists an integer for which the equality holds. For example, .
Solution
Suppose that for some positive integers these inequalities are true: . Note that , so we have

But then, , a contradiction that completes the proof.

Techniques

Floors and ceilingsLinear and quadratic inequalities