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Printjmc
counting and probability intermediate
Problem
What is the least number of colors needed to shade the tessellation shown, such that no two tiles sharing a side are the same color?

Solution
Clearly one color isn't enough; colors will work because the tessellation shown is topologically identical to a chessboard (that is, imagine straightening out the diagonal lines to form an array of squares. This process doesn't change which tiles share a side.).
Final answer
2