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PrintRioplatense Mathematical Olympiad
Argentina number theory
Problem
A number is said to be an almost palindrome if it is possible to place a nonzero digit to its left so a palindrome is obtained, that is, a number that reads the same from left to right as from right to left. For instance, is an almost palindrome, because we can place the digit to its left to obtain the number , which is a palindrome. How many six-digit numbers are almost palindromes and multiples of ?
Solution
A six-digit almost palindrome can be written as , where . This number is a multiple of if and only if the sum is a multiple of . Notice that if the values of and are fixed, then the remainder of when divided by is determined. We know that can be any digit from to . Since those digits have different remainders when divided by , and every possible remainder is attained by one of those digits, then no matter how we choose and , there is always exactly one possible value for that makes a multiple of . Finally, since can be any digit between and and and can be any digit between and , there are exactly six-digit almost palindrome numbers divisible by .
Final answer
900
Techniques
Modular ArithmeticDivisibility / Factorization