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jmc

number theory senior

Problem

Suppose that , , and are non-zero distinct digits less than , and suppose we have and . Find the three-digit number . (Interpret as a base-6 number with digits and , not as times . The other expressions should be interpreted in this way as well).
Solution
Dealing with the second condition, it is set up in the following manner. \begin{array}{c@{}c@{}c@{}c} &&A&B_6\\ &+&&C_6\\ \cline{2-4} &&C&0_6\\ \end{array}Because can not equal , we must carry in this column. Therefore, we arrive at two equations. and Looking at the third condition: \begin{array}{c@{}c@{}c@{}c} &&A&B_6\\ &+&B&A_6\\ \cline{2-4} &&C&C_6\\ \end{array}We can determine that no carrying occurs. Therefore, . We now have a system of equations for our three variables. Subtracting the third equation from the second, , or . Plugging that into our first equation we can determine that . must then equal . Thus, is .
Final answer
415