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jmc

geometry senior

Problem

A solid right prism has a height of and equilateral triangles bases with side length as shown. is sliced with a straight cut through points and on edges and respectively. If and determine the volume of the solid
problem
Solution
First, we look at We know that and (because is equilateral). Since and the contained angle is is a -- triangle. Therefore, is perpendicular to and

Next, we calculate We know that and Since plane is perpendicular to plane Since (they lie in the same plane and in parallel planes and ),

Therefore, is right-angled at and contains a angle, so is also a -- triangle. It follows that and

Then, we construct. We extend downwards and extend until it intersects the extension of at (Note here that the line through will intersect the line through since they are two non-parallel lines lying in the same plane.) and share a common angle at and each is right-angled ( at and at ), so the two triangles are similar. Since and their ratio of similarity is Thus, and since Similarly, since when is extended to meet the extension of it will do so at the same point Finally, we calculate the volume of The volume of equals the difference between the volume of the triangular -based pyramid and the volume of the triangular-based pyramid

We have and The volume of a tetrahedron equals one-third times the area of the base times the height. We have and Therefore, the volume of is
Final answer
\frac{224\sqrt{3}}{3}