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FINAL ROUND

Belarus geometry

Problem

Given two hyperbolae and with the equations and , respectively. Let be an arbitrary point on . Let and be the tangency points of the lines and with the hyperbola . Prove that the line is tangent line of .

problem
Solution
Without loss of generality we may assume that the point lies on the upper-right half-hyperbola , . and be the points of tangency with , mentioned in the problem condition (see the Fig.).



Since the derivative of the function is equal to , the equation of the line tangent to at has the form Since belongs to this tangent, we have . Therefore, the abscissae and of and satisfy the equation The equation of the straight line passing through can be written as , and if this line passes through , then

, so since . Therefore, the equation of the line has the form Since and are the roots of (1), by Vieta's theorem, we have , . Then the equation of the line has the form Note that , for , i.e., the point lying on the hyperbola belongs to the line . It remains to note that the slope of the line tangent to at is equal to , i.e., coincides with the slope of the line . Therefore, the line touches the hyperbola (at the point ).

Techniques

Cartesian coordinatesVieta's formulas