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NMO Selection Tests for the Junior Balkan Mathematical Olympiad

Romania geometry

Problem

Let be a triangle and let be the midpoints of the sides . Prove that if and only if .
Solution
Let be the centroid of the given triangle. Since , one has .

If , then , hence the quadrilateral is cyclic, implying . The converse holds by the same argument.

Techniques

Triangle centers: centroid, incenter, circumcenter, orthocenter, Euler line, nine-point circleCyclic quadrilateralsAngle chasing