For integers n, let f(n)={n2n2−4n−1 if n is odd, if n is even.Find f(f(f(f(f(4))))).
Solution — click to reveal
Working from the inside out, we first compute f(4)=42−4(4)−1=−1. Next we find f(−1)=(−1)2=1, and then f(1)=12=1. Putting these together, we have f(f(f(f(f(4)))))=f(f(f(f(−1))))=f(f(f(1)))=f(f(1))=f(1)=1.