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PrintXXIII OBM
Brazil algebra
Problem
Initially, a calculator displays number . An operation consists in pressing either key or key , which calculates respectively the sine and cosine with the arguments in radians. After performing operations, what is the greatest possible value that can be achieved?
Solution
Obviously the value does not exceed . We cannot get close to with . So the final press must be and we want the previous value to be as close to as possible. We cannot get close to with , so the th press must be . Thus we want the previous value to be as close to as possible. So, by a simple induction, all presses except the last must be .
Put . Put for and put . The best value is .
Put . Put for and put . The best value is .
Final answer
cos(sin(sin(…sin(1)…))) with 2000 applications of sin followed by cos
Techniques
Recurrence relations