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Austria 2014

Austria 2014 number theory

Problem

Determine all solutions of the Diophantine equation in integers and .
Solution
We have the trivial estimate resulting in due to the non-negativity of and . On the other hand, the inequality between the arithmetic and the geometric mean implies that Combining these inequalities shows that . Inserting these cases into the original equation only yields solutions for or . These are .
Final answer
(a, b) = (0, 0) and (12, 9)

Techniques

Techniques: modulo, size analysis, order analysis, inequalitiesQM-AM-GM-HM / Power Mean